The American Journal of Managed Care
Off-Label Use of Antipsychotic Medications in Medicaid:
"RESULTS
Off-Label Use
"We identified 372,038 unique patients who were continuously enrolled in a fee-for-service Medicaid program and received a prescription for an antipsychotic medication across all 42 states in 2003. Of these patients, 214,113 (57.6%) did not have a diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder during the year and were considered to have received these drugs off-label. Characteristics of off-label users of antipsychotic medications are presented in Table 1. The average age was 30.5 years and they were evenly divided by sex. Whites were the most common racial group (53.1%), with blacks comprising 22.4% of off-label users.
The diagnostic breakdown of off-label users is also presented in Table 1. The most common diagnostic group was other mental disorder (35.0%), followed by minor depression (25.4%), major depression (23.2%), no mental disorder (18.8%), conduct disorder (18.8%), and anxiety disorder (16.2%). Very few off-label users were diagnosed with PTSD (5.6%) or alcohol abuse (5.0%). There was a considerable degree of comorbidity among these disorders, as evidenced by the fact that the proportions of patients in these diagnostic groups sum to more than 100%."'
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